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Treatment Of Objective And Subjective Tinnitus: A Quick Reference

Posted on | July 13, 2011 | No Comments

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Tinnitus occurs when a patient perceives sound that does not occur outside the body. Most patients report whooshing or ringing sounds in the ears. In fact, the word itself comes from the Latin word “tinniere”, which means “to ring”.

When people have objective tinnitus, they are hearing sounds produced by the body. A microphone placed inside a patient’s ear usually detects the sound. There is usually either a vascular or muscular cause. Pulsatile tinnitus is often diagnosed as objective tinnitus.

Sometimes, diseased blood vessels near the ear register a sound. This often happens in cases of hypertension or arteriosclerosis. New blood vessels that grow near the ear, such as those that supply a tumor, also produce sound.

Muscle spasms, when they occur near the ear, can be heard. In cases of Lou Gehrig’s disease, or ALS, the nerves are destroyed, which causes the muscles to atrophy. When this happens, the patient may hear the small tremors if they occur near the ear. In most cases, false sounds in the ears foretell a much more serious disorder.

People with subjective tinnitus hear sound not made by the body. The subjective form is far more common. Causes include certain drugs, hormonal changes, and head trauma. The disorder also occurs simultaneously with sensorineural hearing loss.

Another cause of the subjective form is Meniere’s Disease. The disease causes a buildup of fluid and pressure in the inner ear. This in turn produces ringing in the ears and a sensation of fullness in the ears.

Benign tumors can also be subjective tinnitus causes. Tumors that grow near the ear may pinch the auditory nerve. This causes false electrical signals to be sent to the brain. These signals register as sound.

For objective tinnitus, treatment comes in multiple forms. Treatments include surgery, a Teflon implant around the cochlea, and neurostimulation. Sometimes, treating the disease that causes the sound is enough to eliminate it.

There are also many treatments for subjective cases. They include removal of earwax, electrical stimulation, medication, vitamins, psychotherapy, and, again, surgery. Another treatment involves using low-volume external sound, like white noise or quiet music.

Subjective tinnitus can often be prevented. The use of earplugs in a loud environment, such as an industrial building or a music concert, can prevent permanent hearing damage. Earplugs may also be useful when using a hair dryer or other loud appliance in close proximity to the ears. Earmuffs should be worn when using loud equipment, such as a lawn mower.

Headphones or ear buds can also precipitate the condition. Because they project loud sound directly into the ears, the volume of music or audio should be kept down. In fact, for disc jockeys and musicians, special headphones can be used to lower volume without distorting the sound.

One in five Americans will suffer from tinnitus during his or her lifetime. Because environmental factors usually contribute to at least the subjective form of the disease, prevention provides the best chance of avoiding an annoying and harmful disease.

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