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2 Opinions On Hepatitis

Posted on | February 1, 2011 | No Comments

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Hepatitis is fatal illness and spreading rapidly in Pakistan. The prevalence data estimated Hepatitis B at 3-5 % and Hepatitis C at 7-10%. Pakistan was termed as Cirrhotic state by an international medical journal. Pakistan owes the highest burden of end stage liver disease as outcome of a public health intervention, namely mass vaccination for small pox in late sixties and early seventies. Small pox was eradicated but the menace of HCV was born. At present number of patients infected with either Hepatitis C or B in Pakistan exceed 15 million (15000000). If we look at that expense of treatment of a single particular person is around Rs 30000 then total price is Rs 225 billion.

Followings are outcomes of this program:
Hepatitis B vaccination of the High Risk Personnel such as health care workers was achieved.
Free of expense remedy have been extended to thousands of patients.
Free of charge molecular diagnostic test had been performed.
Almost 36 million disposable syringes had been procured and supplied to the sentinel sites.

Auto disable syringes had been procured for use in vital areas: blood banks, laboratories operation theaters.
Water purification plants were provided to various areas.

Acute viral hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver parenchyma for much less than 6 months triggered by viruses.

Causes of acute viral hepatitis:

  • Hepatotropic viruses: which includes virus A, B, non A non B (C, E) and Delta agent when it is combined with B virus.
  • Non hepatotropic viruses: as Epstein Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex and cytomegallo virus (CMV).

All 5 distinct varieties of Hepatitis viruses; A, B, C, D and E are prevalent inside the country. Existing estimated cumulative prevalence of Hepatitis B and C is 7.5 % or 12 million who have been exposed to either of these infections. Followings are preventions from Hepatitis:
1- Generally insist on the use of a new syringe for each and every injection.
2- Always use sterilized surgical instruments, blades or razors.
3- Always insist on the use of sterilized dental instruments.
4- Generally use screened blood for transfusion.
5- Stay away from finding names or images engraved on your skin.
6- Limit your sexual relations to your life partner.

Clinical image of Hepatotropic viral hepatitis (A, B, C, E, Delta + B):

It may very well be a single of two types; Non icteric hepatitis or icteric hepatitis as follows:

  1. Non icteric hepatitis: it is often a mild form of hepatitis, even it could pass unnoticed, clinically there is often a mild Flu-like illness with anorexia (the patient doesn’t even like the smell of food and if he was a smoker he wouldn’t tolerate the ciggartes smell), Fate: Resolution or it could develop chronic hepatitis.
  2. Icteric hepatitis: has 3 phases (pre-icteric, icteric and post icteric)
    • Pre-icteric phase symptoms (about 1 week): Fever, Headache, malaise with marked anorexia and distaste for cigarettes and discomfort proper hypochondrium (anatomical web site of the liver)
    • Icteric phase (2-4 weeks): there is some improvement of fever, malaise and headache but Jaundice seems (jaundice: Yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane), with jaundice there’s dark urine and clay stool.
    • Post-icteric phase (convalescence): there’s improvement of basic condition gradually but jaundice persists for some time, then right after about 3-6 months the patient come to be in a normal condition.

Complications:

  • chronic hepatitis specially with hepatitis C.
  • liver cirrhosis (loss of hepatic pattern with portal hypertension).
  • Fulmination which develops rapidly into liver cell failure and hepatic encephalopathy (specially with hepatitis E infection in the course of pregnancy).
  • prolonged cholestasis (prolonged jaundice).
  • relapse could occur.
  • post hepatitis syndrome which is psychogenic.
  • Hepatoma (cancer of liver).
  • Aplastic anemia, purpura.
  • urticaria, arthritis and pancreatitis.
  • glumerulonephritis.
  • vasculitis.
  • ployneuropathy.

You might wish to learn additional research at this site about Hepatitis C Viral Load and also Hepatitus C.

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